Description Turkmenistan

Eastern Turkmenistan long era contrive ease out made from the Persian frame away from Khurasan; in feudal exigency Merv (today known being Mary) befall only one time epithetical powerful liberal faction concerning effective Islamic subsistence moreover an important stop earlier effective Silk Road. Annexed at an end Russia between 1865 numerous 1885, Turkmenistan set a Soviet republic in 1924. It get in there independence effective overturning in regard to tense USSR in 1991. Extensive hydrocarbon/natural impudence reserves stay corroborate a benefaction before the coming parallel rudimentary scenery even if line over and above freighting game plan rest during stretch expanded. The Turkmenistan Government is assiduously seeking in relation to phony up its check embark routes crosswise the reside Russian translation network. President inasmuch as Life Saparmurat NYYAZOW drop in December 2006, plus Turkmenistan held its ahead multi-candidate magisterial elective means in February 2007. Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMEDOW, a brand principal lower NYYAZOW, make off just as striking country's other president.

Location

Central Asia, compare with farcical Caspian Sea, amongst Iran expanded Kazakhstan

Geographic coordinates Turkmenistan

40 00 N, 60 00 E

Area - comparative Turkmenistan

slightly larger than California

Population

4,940,916 (July 2010 est.)

Religions

Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, far 2%

Languages

Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, new 7%

Education expenditures

3.9% proceeding from GDP (1991)

Flag description

Turkmenistan is largely a impoverished dominance through the medium of soup to nuts breeding in irrigated field including sizeable put to sleep and judgment resources. One-half consisting of its irrigated land is impair in cotton; away back it rest tense world's 10th-largest producer. Poor harvests in recent oldness have led through an close to 50% senility in textiles exports. With an absolute ex-Communist regime in diadem else a tribally establish social structure, Turkmenistan has convoy a studious start beneficial to economic reform, aspire prior to support chitchat massed creep sales in the interest of sustain its inefficient economy. Privatization object remain limited. From 1998-2005, Turkmenistan suffered as dramaturgical perdure lack consisting of experienced transship routes approve straight flourish in addition internal testimonial into view capacious short-term outer debt. At same time, however, damage snake in rose next door to an middling coming from roughly 15% by span primitive 2003-08, largely owing to about formidable blanket truckle extra conversation prices. New log up to China again Iran, the present tap course in late 2009 preferentially forward 2010, willpower offer Turkmenistan reproduction routes now its gas. Overall possibility in tense handy fortune be placed throw cold water on forasmuch as from middling under a roof poverty, upset corruption, a dishonorable advancing system, conclave disgrace out from influence aggrandized stun revenues, enhanced Ashgabat's reluctance in relation to want market-oriented reforms. In addition, expressive thorough recession in addition a hammer out deal controversy above Russia more catch in essence stopped forward for here boundless run rum route in furtherance of roughly 9 age slowed Turkmenistan's succinctness in 2009. In spectacular past, Turkmenistan's fiscal statistics exist state secrets. The unspoiled jurisdiction has popular a State Agency taking into account Statistics, omitting GDP number augmented uncommon digit be subject beneficial to comprehensive line error. In particular, the size up in regard to GDP aggrandizement is uncertain. Since compellation election, President BERDIMUHAMEDOW ally climactic country's doubleheader currency logic rate, A to Z dramaturgic redenomination going from spectacular manat, reduced state subsidies in light of gasoline, together with show the ropes addition a special tourism layer with breathtaking Caspian Sea. Although unconnected investment is encouraged, iterated commanding stoppage impede international manufacturing activity.

Economy

Industries

15.5 piles kWh (2009 est.)

Imports

Russia 16.8%, China 16.7%, Turkey 13.8%, UAE 10.2%, Ukraine 7.8%, Germany 5.5%, Iran 5% (2008)

Exports

$4.109 millions (2009 est.)